The CKM Matrix from Lattice QCD
نویسنده
چکیده
The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix1), 2) parametrizes the couplings between flavors of quarks under the weak interactions. Quarks are believed to be permanently confined within hadrons, and the dynamics of quarks and gluons in hadrons is nonperturbative. Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the only general method for performing nonperturbative calculations in QCD, so it is not surprising that many analyses of the physics of the CKM matrix require lattice QCD calculations. If the Standard Model of particle physics is solely responsible for flavor mixing, the CKM matrix will be unitary, and parametrizable with four parameters, such as those of the Wolfenstein parametrization,3) A, λ, ρ, and η: V = Vud Vus Vub Vcd Vcs Vcb Vtd Vts Vtb ≈ 1− 1 2λ λ Aλ3(ρ− iη) −λ 1− 12λ Aλ2 Aλ3(1− ρ− iη) −Aλ2 1 (1.1)
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